Memes Of Inda

Thursday, 18 June 2015

SYLLABUS FOR UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION MAIN EXAMINATION URDU

SYLLABUS FOR UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION MAIN EXAMINATION

URDU

Paper-I (Answers must be written in Urdu)

Section-A

Development of Urdu Language a) Development of Indo-Aryan (i) Old Indo-Aryan (ii) Middle Indo Aryan (iii) New Indo Aryan b) Western Hindi and its dialects Brij Bhasha Khadi Boli, Haryanavi Kannauji, Bundeli-Theories about the origin of Urdu Language c) Dakhani Urdu-Origin and development, its significant linguistic features. d) Social and Cultural roots of Urdu language-and its distinctive features. Script, Phonology, Morphology, Vocabulary.

Section-B

a) Genres and their development : (i) Poetry : Ghazal, Masnavi, Qasida, Marsia, Rubai, Jadid Nazm, (ii) Prose : Novel, Short Story, Dastan, Drama, Inshaiya, Khutoot, Biography.

b) Significant features of : (i) Deccani, Delhi and Lucknow schools (ii) Sir Syed movement, Romantic movement, Progressive movement, Modernism. c) Literary Criticism and its development with reference to Hali, Shibli, Kaleemuddin Ahmad, Ehtisham Hussain, Ale-Ahmad Suroor. d) Essay writing (covering literary and imaginative topics)

Paper-II

(Answers must be written in Urdu)

This paper will require first hand reading of the texts prescribed and will be designed to test the candidate's critical ability.

Section-A

1. Mir Amman Bagho-Babar

2. Ghalib Intikhab-e-Khutoot-e Ghalib

3. Mohd. Husain Nairang-e-Khayal Azad

4. Prem Chand Godan

5. Rajendra Singh Apne Dukh Mujhe Bedi Dedo

6. Abul Kalam Azad Ghubar-e-Khatir

Section-B

1. Mir Intikhab-e-Kalam-e- Mir (Ed. Abdul Haq.)

2. Mir Hasan Sahrul Bayan

3. Ghalib Diwan-e-Ghalib

4. Iqbal Bal-e-Jibrail

5. Firaq Gul-e-Naghma

6. Faiz Dast-e-Saba

7. Akhtruliman Bint-e-Lamhat

SYLLABUS FOR UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION MAIN EXAMINATION TELUGU

SYLLABUS FOR UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION MAIN EXAMINATION

TELUGU

Paper-I

(Answers must be written in Telugu)

Section-A

Language

1. Place of Telugu among Dravidian languages and its antiquity- Etymological history of Telugu, Tenugu and Andhra.

2. Major linguistic changes in phonological, morphological, grammatical and syntactical levels, from Proto- Dravidian to old Telugu and from old Telugu to Modern Telugu.

3. Evolution of spoken Telugu when compared to classical Telugu- Formal and functional view of Telugu language.

4. Influence of other languages and its impact on Telugu.

5. Modernization of Telugu language.

(a) Linguistic and literary movements and their role in modernization of Telugu.

(b) Role of media in modernization of Telugu (Newspapers, Radio, TV etc.)

(c) Problems of terminology and mechanisms in coining new terms in Telugu in various discourses including scientific and technical.

6. Dialects of Telugu-Regional and social variations and problems of standardization.

7. Syntax-Major divisions of Telugu sentences-simple, complex and compound sentences-Noun and verb predications-Processes of nominlization and relativization- Direct and indirect reporting-conversion processes.

8. Translation-Problems of translation, cultural, social and idiomatic- Methods of translation-Approaches to translation-Literary and other kinds of translation-various uses of translation.

Section-B

Literature

1. Literature in Pre-Nannaya Period- Marga and Desi poetry.

2. Nannaya Period-Historical and literary background of Andhra Mahabharata.

3. Saiva poets and their contribution- Dwipada, Sataka, Ragada, Udaharana.

4. Tikkana and his place in Telugu literature.

5. Errana and his literary works- Nachana Somana and his new approach to poetry.

6. Srinatha and Potana-Their woks and contribution.

7. Bhakti poets in Telugu literature- Tallapaka Annamayya, Ramadasu, Tyagayya.

8. Evolution of prabandhas-Kavya and prabandha.

9. Southern school of Telugu literature- Raghunatha Nayaka, Chemakura Vankatakavi and women poets- Literary forms like yakshagana, prose and padakavita.

10. Modern Telugu Literature and literary forms-Novel, Short Story, Drama, Playlet and poetic forms.

11. Literary Movements : Reformation, Nationalism, Neo-classicism, Romanticism and Progressive, Revolutionary movements.

12. Digambarakavulu, Feminist and Dalit Literature.

13. Main divisions of folk literature- Performing folk arts.

Paper-II

(Answers must be written in Telugu)

This paper will require first hand reading of the prescribed texts and will be designed to test the candidate's critical ability, which will be in relation to the following approaches.

i) Aesthetic approach-Rasa, Dhwani, Vakroti and Auchitya-Formal and Structural-Imagery and Symbolism.

ii) Sociological, Historical, Ideological, Psychological approaches.

Section-A

1. Nannaya-Dushyanta Charitra (Adiparva 4th Canto verses 5-109)

2. Tikkana-Sri Krishna Rayabaramu (Udyoga parva -3rd Canto verses 1- 144)

3. Srinatha-Guna Nidhi Katha (Kasikhandam, 4th Canto, verses 76-133)

4. Pingali Surana-Sugatri Salinulakatha (Kalapurnodayamu 4 Canto verses, 60-142)

5. Molla-Ramayanamu (Balakanda including avatarika)

6. Kasula Purushothama Kavi-Andhra Nayaka Satakamu

Section-B

7. Gurajada Appa Rao-Animutyalu (Short stories)

8. Viswanatha Satyanarayana-Andhra prasasti

9. Devulapalli Krishna Sastry- Krishnapaksham (excluding Urvasi and Pravasam)

10. Sri Sri-Maha prastanam.

11. Jashuva-Gabbilam (Part I)

12. C. Narayana Reddy-Karpuravasanta rayalu.

13. Kanuparti Varalakshmamma-Sarada lekhalu (Part I)

14. Atreya-N.G.O.

15. Racha konda Visswanatha Sastry- Alpajaeevi.

SYLLABUS FOR UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION MAIN EXAMINATION SINDHI

SYLLABUS FOR UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION MAIN EXAMINATION

SINDHI

Paper-I

(Answers must be written in Sindhi) (Arabic or Devanagari script)

Section-A

1. (a) Origin and evolution of Sindhi language- views of different scholars.

(b) Significant linguistic features of Sindhi language, including those pertaining to its phonology, morphology and syntax.

(d) Sindhi vocabularly-stages of its growth, including those in the prepartition and post-partition periods.

(e) Historical study of various Writing Systems (Scripts) of Sindhi.

(f) Changes in the structure of Sindhi language in India, after partition, due to influence of other languages and social conditions.

Section-B

2. Sindhi literature through the ages in context of socio-cultural conditions in the respective periods :

a. Early medieval literature upto 1350 A.D. including folk literature.

b. Late medicval period from 1350 A.D to 1850 A.D.

c. Renaissance period from 1850 A.D. to 1947 A.D.

d. Modern period from 1947 and onwards.

(Literary genres in Modern Sindhi literature and experiments in poetry, drama, novel, short story, essay, literary criticism, biography, autobiography, memoirs, and travelogues.)

Paper-II

(Answers must be written in Sindhi)

(Arabic or Devanagari script).

This paper will require the first-hand reading of the texts prescribed and will be designed to test the candidates’ critical ability.

Section-A

References to context and critical appreciation of the texts included in this section.

(1) Poetry

a. “Shah Jo Choond Shair” : ed. H.I. Sadarangani, Published by Sahitya Akademi (First 100 pages) b. “Sachal Jo Choond Kalam” : ed. Kalyan B. Advani Published by Sahitya Akademi (Kafis only) c. “Sami-a-ja Choond Sloka” : ed. B.H. Nagrani Published by Sahitya Akademi (First 100 pages) d. “Shair-e-Bewas” : by Kishinchand Bewas (“Saamoondi Sipoon” portion only) e. “Roshan Chhanvro” : Narayan Shyam f. “Virhange Khanpoije Sindhi Shair jee Choond” : ed. H.I. Sadarangani Published by Sahitya Akademi

(2) Drama

g. “Behtareen Sindhi Natak” (One-act Plays) : Edited by M. Kamal Published by Gujarat Sindhi Academy.

h. “Kako Kaloomal” (Full-length Play) : by Madan Jumani

Section-B

References to context and critical appreciation of the texts included in this section.

a. ‘Pakheeara Valar Khan Vichhrya’ (Novel) : by Gobind Malhi

b. ‘Sat Deenhan’ (Novel) : by Krishan Khatwani

c. ‘Choond Sindhi Kahanyoon’ (Short Stories) Vol. III. : Edited by Prem Prakash, Published by Sahitya Akademi.

d. ‘Bandhan’ (Short Stories) : Sundari Uttamchandani e. ‘Behtareen Sindhi Mazmoon’ (Essays) : Edited by Hiro Thakur, published by Gujarat Sindhi Akademi.

f. ‘Sindhi Tanqeed’ (Criticism) : Edited by Harish Vaswani : Published by Sahitya Akademi.

g. ‘Mumhinjee Hayati-a ja Sona Ropa varqa’ (Autobiography) : by Popati Hiranandani

h. “Dr. Choithram Gidwani” (Biography) : by Vishnu Sharma

SYLLABUS FOR UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION MAIN EXAMINATION SANTHALI

SYLLABUS FOR UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION MAIN EXAMINATION

SANTHALI

Paper-I

(Answers must be written in Santhali)

Section-A

Part-I History of Santhali Language

I. Main Austric Language family, population and distribution. II. Grammatical structure of Santhali Language. III. Important character of Santhali Language : Phonology, Morphology,

Syntax, Semantics, Translation, Lexicography. IV. Impact of other languages on Santhali.

V. Standardization of Santhali Language. Part-II History of Santhali Literature. I. Literary trends of the following four periods of History of Santhali Literature. (a) Ancient literature before 1854. (b) Missionary period : Literature between 1855 to 1889 AD. (c) Medieval period : Literature between 1890 to 1946 AD. (d) Modern period : Literature from 1947

AD to till date. II. Writing tradition in History of Santhali Literature.

Section-B

Literary forms - Main characteristics, history and development of following literary forms.

Part-I : Folk Literature in Santhali-folk song, folk tale, phrase, idioms, puzzles and Kudum.

Part-II : Modern literature in Santhali

(a) Development of poetry and prominent poets.

(b) Development of prose and prominent writers.

(i) Novels and prominent Novelists.

(ii) Stories and prominent story writers.

(iii) Drama and prominent Dramatist.

(iv) Criticism and prominent critics.

(v) Essay, sketches, memoirs, travelogues and prominent writers.

Santhali writers :

Shyam Sunder Hembram, Pandit Raghunath Murmu, Barha Beshra, Sadhu Ramchand Murmu, Narayan Soren 'Toresutam', Sarada Prasad Kisku, Raghunath Tudu, Kalipada Soren, Sakla Soren, Digambar Hansda, Aditya Mitra 'Santhali', Babulal Murmu 'Adivasi',

Jadumani Beshra, Arjun Hembram, Krishna Chandra Tudu, Rupchand Hansda, Kalendra Nath Mandi, Mahadev Hansda, Gour Chandra Murmu, Thakur Prasad Murmu, Hara Prasad Murmu, Uday Nath Majhi, Parimal Hembram, Dhirendra Nath Baske, Shyam Charan

Hembram, Damayanti Beshra, T.K. Rapaj, Boyha Biswanath Tudu.

Part-III : Cultural Heritage of Santhali tradition, customs, festival and rituals (birth, marriage and death).

Paper-II

(Answers must be written in Santhali)

Section-A

This paper will require in-depth reading of the following texts and the questions will be designed to test the candidates' criticial ability.

Ancient Literature :

Prose

(a) Kherwal Bonso Dhorom Puthi-Majhi Ramdas Tudu "Rasika".

(b) Mare Hapramko Reyak Katha-L.O. Scrafsrud.

(d) Marang Buru Binti-Kanailal Tudu.

Poetry

(a) Karam Sereng-Nunku Soren.

(b) Devi Dasain Sereng-Manindra Hansda.

(d) Baha Sereng-Balaram Tudu

(e) Dong Sereng-Padmashri Bhagwat Murmu 'Thakur'

(f) Hor Sereng-Raghunath Murmu.

(g) Soros Sereng-Babulal Murmu "Adivasi"

(h) More Sin More Nida-Rup Chand Hansda

(i) Judasi Madwa Latar-Tez Narayan Murmu.

Section-B

Modern Literature

Part-I : Poetry

(a) Onorhen Baha Dhalwak-Paul Jujhar Soren.

(b) Asar Binti-Narayan Soren "Tore Sutam"

(d) Onto Baha Mala-Aditya Mitra "Santhali"

(e) Tiryo Tetang-Hari Har Hansda

(f) Sisirjon Rar-Thakur Prasad Murmu.

Part-II : Novels

(a) Harmawak Ato-R. Karstiars (Translator-R.R. Kisku Rapaz).

(b) Manu Mati-Chandra Mohan Hansda

(d) Ojoy Gada Dhiphre-Nathenial Murmu

Part-III : Stories

(a) Jiyon Gada-Rup Chand Handa and Jadumani Beshra.

(b) Mayajaal-Doman Sahu, 'Samir' and Padmashri Bhagwat Murmu 'Thakur'

Part-IV : Drama

(a) Kherwar Bir-Pandit Raghunath Murmu

(b) Juri Khatir-Dr. K.C. Tudu

Part-V : Biography

Santal Ko Ren Mayam Gohako-Dr Biswanath Hansda.

SYLLABUS FOR UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION MAIN EXAMINATION SANSKRIT

SYLLABUS FOR UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION MAIN EXAMINATION

SANSKRIT

Paper-I

There will be three questions as indicated in the question paper which must be answered in Sanskrit. The remaining questions must be answered either in Sanskrit or in the medium of examination opted by the candidate.

Section-A

1. Significant features of the grammar, with particular stress on Sanjna, Sandhi, Karaka, Samasa, Kartari and Karmani vacyas (voice usages) (to be answered in Sanskrit).

2. (a) Main characteristics of Vedic Sanskrit language.

(b) Prominent features of classical Sanskrit language.

3. General Knowledge of:-

(a) Literary history of Sanskit,

(b) Principal trends of literary criticism

(d) Mahabharata

(e) The origin and development of literary geners of:

Mahakavya

Rupaka (drama)

Katha

Akhyayika

Campu

Khandakavya

Muktaka Kavya.

Section-B

4. Essentials of Indian Culture with stress on

a) Purusarthasb) Samskarasc) Varnasramavyavastha

d) Arts and fine arts

e) Technical sciences

5. Trends of Indian Philosophy

a) Mimansa b) Vedanta

c) Nyaya d) Vaisesika

e) Sankhya f) Yoga

g) Bauddha h) Jaina

i) Carvaka

6. Short Essay in Sanskrit

7. Unseen passage with the questions, to be answered in Sanskrit.

Paper-II

Question from Group 4 is to be answered in Sanskrit only. Question from Groups 1, 2 and 3 are to be answered either in Sanskrit or in the medium opted by the candidate.

Section-A

General study of the following groups:-

Group 1

a) Raghuvamsam-Kalidasa

b) Kumarasambhavam-Kalidasa

c) Kiratarjuniyam-Bharavi

d) Sisupalavadham-Magha

e) Naisadhiyacaritam-Sriharsa

f) Kadambari-Banabhatta

g) Dasakumaracaritam -Dandin

h) Sivarajyodayam-S.B. Varnekar

Group 2

a) Isavasyopanisad

b) Bhagavadgita

c) Sundarakanda of Valmiki’s Ramayana

d) Arthasastra of Kautilya

Group 3

a) Svapnavasavadattam- Bhasa

b) Abhijnanasakuntalam- Kalidasa

c) Mrcchakatikam-Sudraka

d) Mudraraksasam-Visakhadatta

e) Uttararamacaritam- Bhavabhuti

f) Ratnavali-Sriharshavardhana

g) Venisamharam- Bhattanarayana

Group 4

Short notes in Sanskrit on the following:-

a) Meghadutam-Kalidasa

b) Nitisatakam-Bhartrhari

c) Panchtantrad)

Rajatarangini-Kalhana

e) Harsacaritam-Banabhatta

f) Amarukasatakam-Amaruka

g) Gitagovindam-Jayadeva

Section-B

Questions from Groups 1 & 2 are to be answered in Sanskrit only. (Questions from Groups 3 & 4 are to be answered in Sanskrit or in the medium opted by the candidate).

This Section will require first hand reading of the following selected texts :-

Group 1

(a) Raghuvansam-Canto I, Verses 1 to 10

(b) Kumarasambhavam-Canto I, Verses 1 to 10

Group 2

(a) Isavasyopanisad-verses-1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 15 and 18

(b) Bhagavatgita II chapter verses 13 to 25

Group 3

(a) Meghadutam-verses 1 to 10

(b) Nitisatakam-Verses 1 to 10 (Edited by D.D. Kosambi Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan Publication)

Group 4

(a) Svapnavasavadattam Act VI

(b) Abhijnansakuntalam Act IV verses 15 to 30 (M.R. Kale Edition)

Tuesday, 16 June 2015

Feeding India Volunteer (Be A Hunger Hero) Join Us In Tamil Nadu

Feeding India

Love Food Hate waste

40% of food goes waste in India
Food worth Rs. 58,000 crore is wasted on a yearly basis
This is dumped in landfills, which produces methane, ultimately leading to ozone layer depletion
This wasted food is enough to feed one third of the poor.

Eradicate Hunger

50% of the country’s children are chronically malnourished Close to 1.3 million of these die every year
More than 250 million people in India go to bed hungry each day
Hunger kills more people every year than AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis combined

How we are changing lives By doing our bit

Feeding India is a social enterprise founded by the youth to tackle two rampant and interconnected problems in India, that of Food wastage and Hunger. This is done by helping the needy get access to excess cooked food from restaurants and caterers.
Feeding India believes that good nutrition and hunger alleviation leads to better health, well-being, income and education, breaking the continuous cycle of poverty that the vulnerable populations find themselves.We go beyond taking care of the basics and refuse to accept that providing a plate of grains to the hungry is where our responsibility stops
Feeding India is a social revolution. A revolution that’s finally arrived. A movement that has come about to solve nothing out of the blue, nothing completely unheard of, but something we all see and have now come to accept, every day. Join the force; be a part of this wave, for this will take this country by a storm.
Justice will be served, and served hot... in plates

About Feeding India

Feeding India is a social enterprise founded by the youth to tackle two rampant and interconnected problems in India, that of Food wastage and Hunger.

The Problem

India, the second most populous country in the world is sadly the home to the largest undernourished and hungry population in the world. Nearly 1/5th of our people go to bed without sufficient and nutritious food every day. Most suffered, are women and children below five years of age. Almost half of our kids are prone to nutritional challenges and are underweight. It is highly disturbing to note that 3,000 children in India die every day from poor diet related illness. This is happening despite the fact that India achieved a commendable economic growth in the last few decades; and today, it has all the means to eliminate hunger completely.

Our Mission

To become a strong medium investing in solving the problem of hunger by efficiently providing excess edible food to each individual who has been deprived of a day’s meal. Consistent with our philosophy, Feeding India will continue to

Provide sustained access to nutritious food, for the hungry, enabling social development of the country.
Reduce the wastage of food and preserve the environment by rescuing excess food and utilizing it efficiently.
To help minimize environmental footprint by accessing surplus and salvage near expiry date food for disbursement at partner feeding centers and thereby minimizing food wastage.
To improve the livelihoods and nutritional intake of undernourished children, women and low income groups.

Our ultimate goal is to eradicate hunger by 2025.

Feeding India Our Values

Service- We serve with excellence, compassion and responsiveness to meet the needs of those with whom we work, internally and externally. The better we serve, the more people we bring together in commitment to our vision.
Integrity - We act with honesty, trust and openness and deliver on commitments. We act within the spirit of agreements, contracts and the law. Our intentions and actions will be transparent and above reproach.
Respect - We respect the inherent worth and dignity of every person and treat all with justice, equity and compassion. We honor the lives, concerns and stories of people in need and expect our partners to do the same. We accept one another and encourage diversity of thoughts and ideas.
Teamwork - We believe in the power of community. We collaborate and build strong relationships, based on trust, with and among those who share our vision of creating a hunger-free India.

Contact info

http://feeding-india.org

Greater Kailash Part-1, Near Moolchand Metro Station, Delhi-110048, India

98711-78810