Anna university results

Thursday, 28 May 2015

Tell me about yourself

Tell me about yourself.              

This is usually the first question asked because it is a good icebreaker.  You should not use this open-ended question to offer useless information about your hobbies and home life.  Many people will make the mistake of saying, "I'm 32 years old, married, and the mother of three children aged 5, 7 and 9.  My hobbies are knitting, cycling, reading and . . . blah blah blah."  This is not a good answer. 

A good answer to this question is about two minutes long and focuses on work-related skills and accomplishments.  Tell the interviewer why you think your work-related skills and accomplishments would be an asset to the company.     You could describe your education and work history (be brief) and then mention one or two personal character traits and tell the interviewer how the traits helped you accomplish a task at school or work.  Do not describe yourself with tired old clichés such as "I am a team player," "I have excellent communication skills," unless you can prove it with an illustration.  For example, one might say  "I would describe myself as a self-starter.  At Acme Corporation, there was a problem with . . . so I created a new inventory system (give details) that reduced expenses 30 percent."

Someone with a new degree in an IT field might answer this question as follows:  "I have enjoyed working with computers since I was eight years old and have always been adept as using them.  Throughout junior high and high school, friends and relatives were always asking me for help with their computer problems, so no one was surprised when I chose to major in IT at college.  I spent hundreds of hours at the computer learning everything I could about them and how they worked.  A few years ago I became particularly interested in software development and began formulating ideas for new software that would really help consumers. I even developed plans for a few applications on my own.  [Discuss the plans briefly.]  I've also worked on several college teams and as an intern at Acme developing software.  [Offer highlights of work experience in software development.] I would like to continue working in this particular area very much. That’s why I applied for a position with your company.  You're one of the leaders in software development and I want to work in a company where I can really be challenged and make a difference.  I also really like the products you've developed.  I think they're some of the best on the market and I would very much enjoy working to improve and enhance these products even further and create new software as well."  

Where do you see yourself in five years?  

Assume that you will be promoted two or three times in five years, so your answer should state that you see yourself working at whatever job is two or three levels above the job in which you are applying.  Do not claim that you will be "running the company" in five years.  You might want to add that you understand your promotions will be earned through hard work and that you do not assume you will be promoted just because you stayed with the company.   Good answer:  "I see myself as head of the Sales Department in five years.  I've already proven that I have the ability to manage a large sales staff at Acme, and I expect that I will be promoted to a senior management position in the future provided that I work very hard at my job and earn the promotions, which I expect to do."

  Are you willing to relocate?    

If relocating were not an issue, the interviewer would not be asking the question.  Therefore, the only acceptable answer is "Yes."  If you answer in the negative, you will not get the job.  If you really do not want to relocate, then perhaps you should not accept the job if it is subsequently offered to you.  If you are not sure, then ask questions about relocation, such as when it is likely to occur, where you will relocate to, and would it involve a promotion.  

Are you willing to travel?  

If traveling were not part of the job, the interviewer would not be asking this question. Therefore, the only acceptable answer is "yes".   If you are willing to travel, answer yes and give some illustrations of work travel you have done.  However, if you do not want to travel, you should find out more about this aspect of the job before accepting the position, such as how much travel will be involved, where will you be traveling to and for how long.  

Are you willing to work overtime?  

If this wasn't an aspect of the job, the interviewer wouldn't be asking this question.  Therefore, the only acceptable answer is "yes" if you want to be considered for the job.  If your past jobs involved overtime, now would be the time to tell this to the interviewer.  

 What book are you currently reading (or what was the last book you read)?  What were the last three books that you read?  

The only correct answer is to offer the title of a nonfiction book, preferably one that is on a subject related to your career or business in general.  For example, if you are a sales person, tell the reader you're currently in the middle of, "Selling for Dummies." Alternatively, if that seems too much of a cliché, offer the title of a book on improving your time management, personality, efficiency, etc.  Of course, we are not suggesting that you lie and claim to be reading a book that you aren't really reading.    As part of your job search, you will have to start reading one or two acceptable books so that you can intelligently discuss them if the subject is brought up during an interview.  The interviewer might ask you how the book is helping you (what you have learned from it), so have an answer ready.  Some interviewers will try to determine if you regularly read by asking you for titles of 3-5 books you've read this year, so be ready.  



What is the last movie that you saw?    

Replying that you "don't have time to watch movies as you are completely devoted to your job" is not a good answer and will not win you any points, even if the interviewer was dumb enough to believe you.  Interviewers are looking for well-rounded people who enjoy healthy activities, such as relaxation and entertainment, and will expect you to state the name of a movie.  The movie title that you give in reply to this question should always be one that is popular with the general public, but uncontroversial, meaning that it doesn't have any negative or zealous political or religious overtones.  Also, don't reveal the fact that you spend way too much time watching movies by stating you have seen a particular movie 15 times or that you spend too much time watching movies.   For example, don't tell the interviewer that you are obsessed with Star Trek movies and regularly attend Star Trek conventions dressed up as Mr. Spock.  A well-known uncontroversial movie, popular with the general public, and one that the interviewer is likely to have seen, is always a good choice.

What are your hobbies and interests outside of work?  

The interviewer is trying to find out (1) more about whom you are and (2) if you maintain an interest in a particular subject for a long period.  You should not indicate that you change hobbies frequently or have a problem maintaining an interest in one subject over a long period.  A good answer might be, "I have been interested in genealogy for the past five years. I am currently the President of the Adams County Genealogical Society and we meet once a month to exchange research tips.  So far, I have discovered that I am the descendent of two civil war generals and Thomas Edison as well.  It's very interesting, but I don't have much time with my busy schedule to do much research now, but I plan to spend much more time doing research after I retire."   Answers that reveal participation in sports are also good:  "For the past five years I have been an avid racquetball player.  I've competed in a dozen or so competitions and I've won a few."  Of course, you do not want to reveal any hobby or activity that most people would consider strange, such as "I collect potato chips that look like celebrities" or "I collect the autographs of convicted serial killers." 

What do you like to watch on television?

In answering this question, one should not appear too silly or too arrogant.  Therefore, avoid revealing the fact that you have seen every episode of the Brady Bunch 200 times or that you race home from work everyday to hear the Gilligan's Island theme song.   Don't swing the other way and claim that you never watch television or only watch PBS and C-SPAN because they will know you're lying or think you are weird or boring.  The best answer reveals that you do watch television, but you watch respectable, very popular programs such as "Law and Order" or "CSI."  Never admit to being a coach potato who sits in front of the TV five hours every day.

Good answer 1:  "I don't watch that much television.  I try to catch the news everyday, I like to watch the political programs on Sunday mornings, and football in the fall.  "60 Minutes" is probably my favorite program.  My family and I usually find a movie to watch on Saturday and Sunday nights.  Sometimes we rent a few movies on weekends, but I don't really have any favorite programs I watch consistently every week."


Good answer 2:  "I enjoy watching "Friends" just like millions of other Americans.  I get together with six or so friends at a pizza place on Thursday nights and we watch it together.  I rent a few movies on most weekends, and I do try to catch the news every morning when I'm getting ready for work.  I don't have that much time for television because I work and go to school full time.  And the last thing I want to do after sitting all day in class and at work is to come home and sit some more in front of a television.  In my free time, I usually go to the gym, walk my dog and spend time with my friends and family rather than watch television." 

Wednesday, 27 May 2015

Logitech Milestones

Logitech Milestones
Fall 2006

1981
•       Logitech was founded on Oct. 2 by Daniel Borel, Pierluigi Zappacosta and Giacomo Marini. The first office was in Apples, Switzerland. 

1982
•       Logitech opened its first U.S. office on March 8, at 165 University Ave. in Palo Alto, Calif.
•       Logitech introduced its first mouse, the P4. The P4 used opto-mechanical technology, featuring optical encoders connected to the rollers to deliver greater tracking precision while providing the tactile response of a rolling ball.

1983
•       Logitech established presence in Italy.

1984
•       Logitech secured its first major OEM win, with HP, a deal that would reach approximately 25,000 mice sold per year.
•       Logitech designed the first cordless mouse, using infrared technology, for Metaphor.

1985
•       Logitech entered the retail market with the C7 mouse. Available for under $100 in the U.S., the C7 was viewed by many as breakthrough in price. The company sold more than 800 units in the first month (December) at retail. The C7 drew its power from the CPU’s RS232 serial interface, eliminating the need for an external power supply.

1986
•       Logitech Far East LTD was created in Hsinchu, Taiwan to be a manufacturing center. Production began in September of that year. Hsinchu is Logitech’s worldwide operations headquarters today.
•       Logitech moves its European headquarters from Apples to Romanel, Switzerland.

1987
•       Logitech established presence in Germany.

1988
•       In July, Logitech went public on the SWX Swiss Exchange.
•       Logitech introduced a handheld scanner, its first peripheral outside of its core mouse business. 
•       Logitech established presence in Ireland, Sweden, Japan and the United Kingdom. 1989
•       Logitech introduced the first thumb-operated trackball, the Logitech® TrackMan®, a departure from the traditional finger-operated trackball design.
•       Logitech opened its Fremont, Calif. office. The office remains the North American headquarters for the company today.
•       Logitech announced the S9 Mouse, the company’s first mouse designed to fit the curve of a hand, a departure from the familiar box shape.
•       Logitech established presence in France.

1990
•       Logitech aimed to further satisfy the varying needs of its growing customer base with the new MouseMan product line. Realizing that one size can’t fit all, Logitech introduced the mouse in different shapes and sizes – MouseMan Left, MouseMan Right, and MouseMan Large. 

1991 
•       Logitech debuted the first radio-based cordless mouse, the Logitech® MouseMan® Cordless. It used 27 MHz, a wireless standard Logitech continues to deploy in many of its modern-day cordless mice and keyboards.
•       Logitech introduced the first mouse made especially for children, the Logitech® Kidz™ Mouse. Designed to look like a rodent mouse, it was much smaller than traditional mice, while its tail/cord stemmed from the back of the device.
•       Logitech established presence in the Netherlands, Spain and China.

1992
•       Logitech announced FotoMan, an early digital still camera that connected directly to a PC.
•       Logitech introduced AudioMan, its first audio peripheral, an all-in-one PC microphone and speaker.

1993
•       Logitech established presence in Canada, Austria, Denmark and Singapore.
•       Logitech unveiled the Magellan® 3D mouse, the first mouse developed for 3D CAD/CAM/CAE applications.

1994
•       Logitech opened its first manufacturing facility in Suzhou, China. Today, Suzhou remains the primary manufacturing center for Logitech. 
•       Logitech announced WingMan®, a joystick for PC gaming. It was the first time Logitech made a product specifically for gaming.

1995 
•       Logitech unveiled VideoMan, its first Web camera, meant for sending live and recorded video over the Internet. 
•       Logitech introduced Marble optical technology for use in trackballs. With the ability to scan the trackball motion with a camera and without any moving parts, the dust and dirt clogs prevalent in other systems were eliminated. 

1996
•       Logitech manufactured its 100 millionth mouse.
•       Logitech established presence in Australia and Malaysia.
•       Logitech opened two sales offices in China – in Shanghai and Beijing.

1997
•       In March, Logitech went public in the U.S., as the company became listed on the Nasdaq Exchange.
•       Logitech unveiled its first Universal Serial Bus mouse, the USB Wheel Mouse Pointing Device.
•       Logitech exited the scanner business, selling it to Storm Technology. The company reallocated its scanner resources into its growing gaming business.

1998
•       Guerrino De Luca, an Apple veteran, joined Logitech as chief executive officer.
•       Logitech acquired the hardware division of Connectix and its QuickCam® family of webcams. Shortly thereafter, Logitech introduced the first webcam with an integrated microphone. 
•       Logitech introduced the Logitech® Cordless Desktop®, the first combination of a cordless mouse and keyboard on the market.
•       Logitech established presence in Hungary.

1999
•       Logitech established presence in Poland.

2000
•       Logitech introduced its first mice with optical sensors to track movement, eliminating the ball-based mechanism traditionally found in mice.
•       Logitech established presence in the Czech Republic, Norway, Hong Kong and India. Hong Kong is Logitech’s Asia Pacific headquarter today.
•       Logitech announced the GT Force™ racing wheel for PlayStation®, its first peripheral designed for the rapidly growing console gaming market.

2001
•       Logitech acquired Labtec, dramatically expanding its audio business.
•       Logitech is awarded THX certification for its new high-end digital speakers, the Logitech® Z-560 system.
•       Logitech introduced Cordless MouseMan® Optical, providing the much-anticipated combination of precision optical tracking and cordless freedom in a mouse. 
•       Logitech and Yahoo! announced the addition of integrated real-time video to Yahoo!® Messenger. 
•       Logitech formed subsidiary 3Dconnexion® to focus on developing input devices for 3D motion control.
•       Logitech established presence in Portugal, Mexico and South Korea.

2002
•       Logitech announced Cordless Presenter™, the industry’s first retail pointing device with Bluetooth® wireless technology. Cordless Presenter allows control of presentations on a PC at a range of 30 feet.
•       Logitech unveiled cordless controllers for both Xbox® and PlayStation® platforms.
•       Logitech introduced the Logitech® io™ Personal Digital Pen, a device that automatically converts handwritten notes into digital records.
•       Logitech entered the mobile phone headset market by introducing six headsets emphasizing comfort and design.
•       Logitech established presence in Colombia, Puerto Rico, Brazil and Argentina.
•       Logitech introduced the first headset to enable voice command and Internet chat during game play on the PlayStation. The headset was bundled with Sony's SOCOM Navy Seals game. 
             
2003 
•       Logitech surpassed $1 billion in annual revenue in its FY2003.
•       Logitech announced it was working with Microsoft Corp. to enable live video capabilities for customers of MSN Messenger. 
•       Logitech announced the shipment of its 500 millionth mouse. 
•       Logitech introduced three new products that transform a PC into a Bluetooth® wireless control center, making it easy to wirelessly exchange information between the PC and Bluetooth devices, such as PDAs, mobile phones and printers.
•       Logitech introduced the highly stylized QuickCam Orbit webcam, with unique facetracking capabilities and a motorized camera head that allows the camera to pan and tilt, following people as they move during video communications. 
•       Logitech introduced the Logitech® Mobile Bluetooth® Headset, its first mobile headset with Bluetooth wireless technology.
•       Logitech established presence in Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, the Dominican Republic, Chile, Guatemala, Paraguay, Venezuela and Uruguay.

2004
•       Logitech announced the acquisition of Intrigue Technologies, maker of the Harmony Remote control.
•       Logitech surpassed $1 billion in annual retail sales in its FY2004.
•       Logitech announced the sale of 50 million cordless PC peripherals.
•       Logitech announced users of MSN have logged more than one billion video instant messaging sessions on Webcam for MSN Messenger.
•       Logitech unveiled the world’s first mouse to use laser tracking and illumination, the Logitech® MX™1000 Laser Cordless Mouse.
•       Logitech announced its first Bluetooth stereo headphones, as part of an OEM agreement with HP, for use with the HP iPAQ Pocket PC.
•       Logitech unveiled Logitech® VideoCall for broadband, a webcam application and service allowing people to communicate over the Internet with fully integrated live video and audio. 

2005
•       Logitech opened a new factory in Suzhou, China with 30 percent more capacity than the previous facility.
•       Microsoft launched MSN Messenger 7.0 with Video Conversation, powered by Logitech, providing high-quality, synchronized live audio and video communications at no charge to MSN Messenger users.
•       Logitech reached a webcam milestone: 25 million sold.
•       Logitech introduced the Harmony 880 remote control, the company’s first remote with a color LCD screen and its first rechargeable remote. The Harmony 880 remote quickly became a best-seller, and helped Logitech ascend to the U.S. retail market leadership position for revenue in the programmable remote control category.
•       Logitech unveiled its first speakers and headphones for iPod® players and portable music players.
•       Logitech entered the PlayStation Portable (PSP) accessories market with its PlayGear family of products.
•       Logitech introduced Logitech® Video Effects software, allowing consumers to transform themselves into three-dimensional animated characters or wear animated accessories as they communicate with their webcam over the Internet. 
•       Logitech introduced Logitech® Music Anywhere™ wireless technology as part of a family of wireless music products that make it easy for people to play and share their digital music on a stereo system or wireless headphones – though the source of the music or audio is a PC or portable music player. 
•       Logitech introduced the Logitech G15 keyboard, the world’s first gaming-specific keyboard with an LCD and 18 customizable G keys, providing gamers an unprecedented level of programmability and control.
•       Logitech introduced the world’s first THX-certified 5.1 speaker system with digital wireless dual rear speakers, the new Logitech® Z-5450 Digital speakers.

2006
•       In its Fiscal Year 2006, Logitech introduced more than 130 new products and shipped more than 143 million products worldwide.
•       Logitech reached a new mouse milestone: more than 700 million sold. 
•       Logitech introduced the Logitech® Wireless DJ™ Music System, which makes it easy for people to stream any digital music from their PC to any stereo system or powered multimedia speakers anywhere in the home, and browse and control all the PC music using the long-range Wireless DJ remote. 
•       Logitech unveiled three new PC calling products – the Logitech® QuickCall™ USB
Speakerphone,  the Logitech® Cordless Internet Handset, and the Logitech® EasyCall™ Desktop – which make the experience of initiating and accepting Internet phone calls more natural and more like using a traditional phone. 
•       Logitech introduced the Logitech® MX™ Revolution cordless laser mouse, marking a radical change in how people navigate complex and abundant content. It features hyper-fast scrolling with a revolutionary alloy wheel – the MicroGear™ Precision Scroll Wheel – that spins freely for up to seven seconds, spanning hundreds of pages with a single flick of the finger. An innovative One-Touch™ Search feature allows people to select a word or phrase on a Web page or in a document and, with a single click, view Internet search results on that subject. 
•       Logitech redefined the concept of a PC speaker system with the introduction of the Logitech® Z-10 Interactive 2.0 Speaker System. The groundbreaking design includes built-in touch-sensitive controls and a backlighted display that shows digitalmusic track information, a clock, volume and more

•       Logitech reinvented the Harmony® remote control with the Harmony 1000 advanced universal remote, the company’s first remote with a touch-sensitive color screen.  

Different Types of Current Distribution Display


  Different Types of Current Distribution Display

            On the MGRID, we can display 6-types of current distribution. What are the meanings of the different types? This appendix explains the differences.

            At any location, the time-harmonic current density can be described as a complex vector:

J(x,y,z) = Jx  x+ Jy y+ Jz z                                                                                                                           (L-1)

where x, y and z are the unit vectors.

            Jx = Jxr + j Jxi                                                                                                                                                  (L-2)
            Jy = Jyr + j Jyi                                                                                                                                                  (L-3)
            Jz = Jzr + j Jzi                                                                                                                                                   (L-4)

Then, we can get,

J(x,y,z) = ( Jxr  x+ Jyr y + Jzr z ) + j ( Jxi  x + Jyi y + Jzi z)                                                                      (L-5)
J(x,y,z) = Jmr r + j Jmi i                                                                                                                                 (L-6)

where r and i are the unit vectors for the real and imaginary parts, respectively

Jmr = Ö ( Jxr2 + Jyr2 + Jzr2 )                                                                                                                           (L-7)
Jmi = Ö ( Jxi2 + Jyi2 + Jzi2 )                                                                                                                            (L-8)
r = ( Jxr  x + Jyr y+ Jzr z ) / Jmr                                                                                                                    (L-9)
I = ( Jxi  x + Jyi y+ Jzi z ) / Jmr                                                                                                                   (L-10)

At a specific time, the time-harmonic current density is,

J(x,y,z, t) = Re[ J(x,y,z) exp(jwt) ] = rJmr cos( wt ) - i Jmi sin( wt)                                                      (L-11)

            Equation (L-11) is the actual current density at a specific location at a specific time. Clearly, both the value and direction of J(x,y,z, t) are changing with time. Table L-.1 shows the correspondence between the current display functions and the quantities.

Table L-1 Correspondence between the current display functions and the quantities
Display Type
Quantity
Display Features
Average Current Distribution
Ö ( Jmr2 + Jmi2 )
Shows the average intensity at each location
Vector Current Distribution
J(x,y,z, t)
Shows the direction and intensity at specific location and time as vectors on arrows.
Average and Vector Current Distribution
Ö ( Jmr2 + Jmi2 )
and J(x,y,z, t)
Shows the average intensity as color on polygons and direction of current density at a specific time with vectors on arrows.
Scalar Current Distribution Animation
|J(x,y,z, t)|
Shows the current density at different locations at different time.
Vector Current Distribution Animation
J(x,y,z, t)
Shows the direction and intensity at different locations at different time.
Scalar and Vector Current Distribution Animation
|J(x,y,z, t)| and J(x,y,z, t)
Shows the direction and intensity at different locations at different time.

.     Rectangular Mesh Versus Triangular Mesh

         IE3D uses a non-uniform, mixed rectangular and triangular meshing scheme. Usually, rectangular cells are efficient for regular shaped portion of a structure. Each rectangular cell is equivalent to 2 triangular cells. Triangular cells are flexible on modeling irregular shaped portion of a structure. It can fit the irregular boundary easily (see Figure M.1). Some people claimed that triangular cells could not yield accurate results because of the zigzag in the meshing. Such a claim is certainly not true, at least for IE3D. In this appendix, we will show that modeling using triangular cells  is as accurate as modeling using rectangular cells. We will also demonstrate the efficiency of rectangular cells.


Figure M.1 Comparison between triangular and rectangular cells.
           
            A simple rectangular patch antenna is used as our example. The structure using rectangular mesh is saved in c:\ie3d\samples\rcell.geoand the structure using triangular mesh is saved in c:\ie3d\samples\tcell.geo. They are identical except the difference in meshing. The meshed structure is compared in Figure M.2.

Figure M.2 Meshed structure using rectangular cells (rcell.geo) and triangular cells (tcell.geo).

            Table M.1 and Figure M.3 show the comparison between the simulation results using rectangular cells (c:\ie3d\samples\rcell.geo) and triangular cells (c:\ie3d\samples\tcell.geo). They are almost identical on the Smith Chart. In fact, there is a slightly frequency shift due to the difference in the meshing. Certainly, the triangular meshing scheme takes more memory and time to simulate the structure.

Table M.1 The comparison between rectangular cells and triangular cells.

Number of Cells
Number of Unknowns
Memory Required
Simulation Time Per Frequency
Rectangular Mesh (c:\ie3d\samples\rcell.geo)
126
225
2 M
0.6 seconds
Triangular Mesh
(c:\ie3d\samples\tcell.geo)
248
347
4 M
2 seconds


Figure M.3 The comparison between rectangular meshing and triangular meshing.

.     Uniform Grid Versus Non-Uniform Grid

         We have discussed the theoretical comparison between uniform grid and non-uniform grid in Section 2 of Chapter 1. We will provide an actual structure for comparison between using the uniform grid and non-uniform grid. The structure is derived from the geometry saved in c:\ie3d\samples\lpass.geo. The structure in lpass.geo can be best fitted into a uniform grid with grid size of 1 mil. The problem we encountered is that we cannot simulate the structure lpass.geo using a uniform grid of size 1 mil on the IE3D with even 256 M RAM without swapping the memory. What we can do is to first shorten the feed-line and then adjust the geometry to fit it into a uniform grid of 2 mils. In such a case, we can solve the problem using about 32 M RAM without swapping. We simulated the structure using the following 3 schemes:

1.     Non-Uniform Grid without Edge Cells:
                The structure is saved into c:\ie3d\samples\lpass1.geoand shown in Figure N.2a.
2.     Non-Uniform Grid with Edge Cells for accuracy enhancement:
                The structure is saved into c:\ie3d\samples\lpass2.geoand shown in Figure N.2b.
3.     Uniform Grid Structure:
                The structure is saved into c:\ie3d\samples\lpass3.geoand shown in Figure N.2c.

Comparison between the three schemes is shown in Table N.1. The simulation result is shown in Figure N.1. It is interesting to note that the results between Non-Uniform Grid with Edge Cells and Uniform Grid Structure compare very well. However, the Non-Uniform Grid with Edge Cells uses much less memory and simulation time to solve the problem. We still get close result without adding the edge cells. Certainly, adding the edge vertices to create small edge cells will improve the simulation accuracy.

         It is also interesting to note that the adjusted structure (lpass1.geo, lpass2.geo and lpass3.geo) yield quite different results from the original structure in c:\ie3d\samples\lpass.geo. Our conclusion on the uniform and non-uniform grids is:

Figure N.1 The comparison of the results from uniform grid, non-uniform grid with or without edge cells.

1.     Non-uniform grid scheme is much more efficient than uniform grid scheme.
2.     Non-uniform grid with edge cells enhancement is at of the same accuracy of the uniform grid scheme when the edge cell size of the non-uniform grid is the same as that for the uniform grid.
3.     Non-uniform grid without edge cells enhancement yields reasonably accurate result with extremely high efficiency.
4.     Fitting structure into a uniform grid may create significant error.
5.     Uniform grid is extremely low efficiency and it is not suitable for large circuit analysis.

Table N.1      Comparison between Uniform Grid and Non-Uniform

Number of Cells
Number of Unknowns
Memory Required
Simulation Time Per Frequency
Non-Uniform without AEC (lpass1.geo)
141
180
2 M
1 seconds
Non-uniform with AEC (lpass2.geo)
467
762
5 M
9 seconds
Uniform Grid (lpass3.geo)
919
1556
25 M
60 seconds



Figure N.2 The meshed structure using uniform and non-uniform schemes.